Vallabhbhai Patel

31 October 1875 – 15 December 1950 The Iron-Man of India, Vallabhbhai Patel's role in uniting provinces after 1947 is immeasurable. His political views and thoughts are still a touchstone of India's home and foreign policies. He was born on October 31, 1875 in Gujarat. He was the son of Zaverbhai who had served in the army of the Queen of Jhansi and Ladbai. Vallabhbhai started his education in a Gujarati medium school and after middle school he switched over to English medium in the Nadiad High School. He passed his high school examination in 1897. Patel refused to join college and started preparation for law examination. Patel hated to work under the British. Therefore, he s tarted practising law at Ahmedabad. In 1891 he married Zaverbai and they had two children. But after she passed away in 1909, the following year he went to England to study law. He completed his law studies in 1913 and came back to India and started his law practice. He joined the Gujarat club and started following a western lifestyle. One day Gandhiji came to the club to give lectures. Sardar Patel was greatly influenced by this master spokesperson. As soon as he came in contact with the Mahatma he decided to discard his foreign clothes and follow the rules of Satyagraha as laid down by Gandhiji. A relationship of teacher and student began to develop in between them. In Ahemdabad, he got so much popularity that he got elected in the Municipal Corporation in 1917. His effort to bring together the farmers of his area brought him the title of 'Sardar' to his name. In 1918 when there was a flood in Kaira, the British insisted on collecting tax from the farmers. This time the Sardar made optimum use of Satyagraha and asked the farmers not to give in to the demands of the government. All of this was done peacefully and the farmers followed his guidance. The British got fed up and eventually returned the land confiscated by them earlier. In 1928 the farmers faced a similar problem and Vallabhai came to their rescue again. The British were as usual demanding an unjust tax and the farmers of Bardoli under the supervision of Vallabhbhai did not budge. The government in retaliation seized the lands. This agitation took on for more than six months until Patel's brother, Vithalbhai, an important figure in the Central Legislative Assembly struck a truce. This event immensely delighted Gandhiji and the title of 'Sardar' was conferred on him. When he was assisting Gandhiji in the Salt Satyagraha, he faced imprisonment for the first time With great wisdom and political foresight, he consolidated the small kingdoms. The public was with him. He tackled the Nizam of Hyderabad and the Nawab of Junagarh who intially did not want to join India . There were a lot of problems connected with the reunion of the numerous states into India . Sardar Patel's untiring efforts towards the unity of the country brought success. Due to the achievement of this massive task, Sardar Patel got the title of 'Iron Man'. He is one of the prestigious leaders of the world who became immmortal by uniting a scattered nation without any bloodshed. When India became free and Pakistan attacked Kashmir, it was Patel who asked to withhold the cash balances left by the British for Pakistan. Gandhiji felt this was immoral and went on a fast until death. Sardar withdrew his argument because he could not bear to see his teacher's suffering. In independent India he held the portfolio of Home Minister, Minister of state and the Minister for information and broadcasting. One of his major achievements included the integration of the princely states into the union of India . On 30th January 1948, when Gandhiji was assassinated, Sardar Patel was a totally shattered. He had lost a dear friend and the guiding force of his life. He died in Bombay in December 1950.